Conservation and you can Taphonomy of Fossil Bugs regarding the First Eocene out-of Denmark

Conservation and you can Taphonomy of Fossil Bugs regarding the First Eocene out-of Denmark

FUM-N-17627 (Coleoptera). ( An excellent ) The brand new fossil elytra inside dorsal glance at ahead of sampling, showing a weak steel be noticeable less than conventional white. ( B ) High magnification of the black amount on the urban area demarcated when you look at the ( A good ). ( C ) SEM micrograph of one’s outside (outer) surface of the elytra. Note hexagonal patterning and you can desiccation fractures. ( D , Elizabeth ) SEM micrographs of the effortless inner surface of one’s elytra. Mention hexagonally put up imprints about sedimentary matrix neighboring the new fossil amount. ( F ) SEM micrograph proving a part through the mainly amorphous cuticular matrix. Note narrow levels along side additional margin of one’s elytra (indicated from the an arrow). ( G ) TEM micrograph portraying a straight section through the elytra. Notice mostly amorphous interior conserve having slim subvertical rifts (light arrows) and you will four electron-heavy layers you to definitely choice having slimmer, electron-translucent bands (black colored arrow). ( H ) Highest magnification of your own thin structures (white arrow) and epicuticular adding (black arrow). ( I ) TEM micrograph reflecting undulating, electron-lucent fibrillar nanostructures (arrows) from the if you don’t largely homogenous cuticular matrix. ( J , https://hookupwebsites.org/tgpersonals-review/ K ) High magnification of your own structures represented in the ( I ) indicating private filaments. ( L – Letter ) SEM micrographs portraying remains of putative seta, sensilla otherwise microtrichia-particularly have. ( O ) SEM micrograph indicating both mineral phase recognized in direct association towards elytra. The new okay texturing which have collection of polygonal imprints of the calcium supplements-steeped phase (white arrow) is obviously distinguishable from the even more rough-grained metal-steeped and you will silicon-steeped stage (black colored arrow).

This new range regarding the red-colored town demonstrates the latest generation out of blended people ions out-of silica and iron oxide

SEM-EDX essential charts extracted from the brand new fossil beetle elytra (FUM-N-17627). C, carbon ( red-colored ); California, calcium supplements ( bluish ); Fe, iron ( orange ); Milligrams, magnesium ( cyan ); O, fresh air ( red ); S, sulfur ( purple ); Lorsque, silicone ( environmentally friendly ).

( A great – D ) Negative ion pictures representing ( An effective ) silica, ( B ) eumelanin and you may ( C ) natural sulfur, as well as ( D ) an enthusiastic overlay image in which silica is portrayed for the reddish, eumelanin from inside the environmentally friendly and you may all-natural sulfur when you look at the blue. ( Elizabeth ) Bad ion spectra taken from chose ROIs you to correspond to the latest environmentally friendly (eumelanin) and reddish (silica) section for the ( D ), respectively, where in actuality the range regarding the eco-friendly urban area try matched against reference spectra out-of artificial and absolute eumelanin conditions. ( F – We ) Positive ion pictures symbolizing ( F ) the newest mixed silica/iron oxide phase, ( Grams ) Ca-who has normal complexes and you may ( H ) calcite, in addition to ( I ) an enthusiastic overlay visualize where silica/iron oxide try illustrated into the purple plus the California-who has organics is actually environmentally friendly and you may calcite is during blue. ( J ) Confident ion spectra in the reddish, environmentally friendly and you can blue portion within the ( I ). The fresh new spectrum on the blue city are compared to a reference spectral range of calcite.

ToF-SIMS characterization out-of fossil beetle elytra (FUM-N-17627)

FUM-N-11263 (Hymenoptera). ( A beneficial ) Optical microscopy picture of brand new fossil wasp having a dark colored thorax and lead, and you may yellow-tinted instinct and you can ft shown within the lateral evaluate. ( B ) Higher magnification image demonstrating brown pterostigma (arrow), a wing vein and also the side epidermis with abundant microtrichia (arrowheads). ( C ) SEM micrograph regarding inferred cuticular fragments in the pterostigma along with damaged bristles (arrows). ( D ) Optical microscopy image of the fresh new narrow part joining the newest thorax and gut, exhibiting variations in conservation between your ebony-colored amount and you may yellow-colored feet. ( E ) SEM micrograph of one’s area demarcated in ( D ) proving inferred cuticular stays. ( F ) SEM micrograph of ventral side of the gut that have carbonaceous spots (arrows) allegedly symbolizing relict cuticle.

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